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An effective teacher considers the teaching of pronunciation an integral part of the course. an only sterThe term phonolgy is used to indicate the whole sound system of a particular language. Intonation is generally considered to be the vaiation of volume and pitch in a whole sentense. Intonation carries the message in a sentence. The normal pattern of intonation in a statement is the rise fall intonation. With the falling intonation you are also indicating that you have finished what you want to say. Fall rise intonation can indicate that the speaker has not yet finished what he wanted to say. Intonation which is flat is not very welcoming. There are two simple rules for stress: one word has only one stress and cannot have two stresses and we can only stress syllables, not individual vowels or consonants. In normal speech there are more syllables without stress, or unstressed, than with stress. Auxiliary verbs, articles, prepositions are normally unstressed. Teching technics for indicating and teaching stress are as follows: contrastive stress, gesture, choral work, board, sress marks. There are four major ways that sounds koin together in english: linking, sound dropping, sound changing and extra lettering. this affects how we pronounce the words in the sentences and how they change. Teacher shoud help students to develop the working knowledge of the phonemic symbols system; it will make things easier. It is important to understand how the sounds are produced. We can identify the following locations of a phonemes production: velar, palatal, palatal-alveolar, alveolar, dental, labio-dental, bilabial and glotal. The sounds can be plosive, fricative, nasal, lateral, affricate, approximant. Taking all of this into account the teacher can apply a number of teaching techniques to help students with the pronunciation of individual sound: peer dictation, your own mouth, visuals, phonems, tongue twisters. Each teacher has to decide what is best for the particular circumstances and when to include pronunciation work into their lessons.
