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Present tenses in English contain four time categories. Simple present is used to state facts, routine habits/actions that are customary behaviours, instructions and directions and information such as newspaper headlines. We use, see, hear, and read things every day that involve the present simple tense. The present continuous (or as I like to call progressive) is easy to remember in that there is always an -ING ending to the verb that we wish to use. Present continuous is used to talk about actions happening in the now, to describe a story or situation, or to emphasise frequent actions. Certain verbs, however, do not normally use the present progressive forms and instead use the simple form. This includes verbs of possession, verbs that express feelings or emotions, and sensory verbs. The present perfect uses past participles to form their structure. The auxiliary verb 'have' is used and followed by the past participle of the chosen verb. This explains actions that are finished at an unknown time, refers to general experience, or something that began in the past and the audience is unsure if it will continue. Present perfect continuous implies an action is likely to continue in the future or an action was in progress for a length of time. This is formed by the use of 'have been' plus a verb with the -ING ending. This describes a newly finished action which has a present result.
