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This unit wrapped up the rest of the important grammar needed for beginning teachers. First, it covered modal auxiliary verbs which are verbs that are used before and add meaning to the main verb. Their purposes include different levels of: advice, ability, permission, possibility and obligation. Then the unit discussed the difference between passive and active voice (which have the same meaning but different focuses). It is important to note that the object of the active verb becomes the subject of the passive verb (and the subject of the active verb becomes the object of the passive verb). We use passive voice when the doer is not known or not important to the meaning of the sentence. Next, the unit talked about clauses which are a set of words that contain a subject and a verb. Independent clauses form complete sentences, dependent clauses do not and need an independent clause to have meaning and relative clauses are dependent clauses that modify a noun. Lastly, the unit covered phrasal verbs which are just multi-word verbs (a verb and one or two particles). Intransitive phrasal verbs do not have direct objects. Transitive separable phrasal verbs place object pronouns between the verb and particle and object nouns after either between the verb and particle or after both. Transitive inseparable phrasal verbs place both object nouns and pronouns after the particle. This third type also includes phrasal verbs that have two particles.
