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The two productive skills are writing and speaking. A teacher needs to create the desire and the need for communication. Fluency allows students to experiment with language and be creative with it. Accuracy is using the language correctly. Speaking activities can be controlled where the teacher controls most of it. Drilling is used, a 3x3 drill is repeating the phrase 3 times with the students and picking on 3 students. It is used in the study phase. A guided activity uses accuracy with some creativity. It includes model dialogue, and guided role-play. It can be used in either study or activate. Creative activities are used in the activate phase and focus on fluency. Some students can be reluctant to speak because of a lack of confidence, fear of making mistakes lack of interest or many other reasons. Help encourage interaction with pair or group work, using controlled practice before the fluency activities and make it purposeful. Decide what the students should do and why. Predict what they will bring to the lesson and what problems they could have. Get the students interested in the topic and remind or teach them the structures or vocab they will need. Allow for processing the information rather than the product. Provide individual correction privately and if there is a widespread error, correct it in the class. Creative writing engages the students with stories, poems, etc. Situational writing would be letters, postcards or emails.
