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In this unit i have managed to learn that there is no definitive method on teaching a class. There are several different and effective methods a teacher can use for different situations. These include methods such as: 1. Grammar-translation method - where the aim is to make comparisons between the native language (L1) and the targeted language (L2). 2. Audio-lingualism - the aim is to use repetitive drills to make the students understand vocabulary and/or phrases. 3. Presentation, Practice and Production (PPP) - a method where a lesson is first presented to the students, followed by letting the students to practice using the information given to them and lastly allowing the students to become creative and giving the freedom to do what they want with the material given. 4. Task-based learning - the main focus of this method is, as the name implies, to give the students tasks to complete based on the material of the lesson. 5. Communicative language learning - this method focuses on allowing the students to communicate using the targeted language as a whole and not just with the vocabulary and grammar. This normally would suggest using activities like role playing, etc. 6. Community language learning - this method allows students to sit in a circle and discuss what they want. The teacher only gives input where necessary such as if mistakes are being made or if there is a problem in language. 7. The silent way - an unorthodox method where the teacher mostly stays silent and uses only coloured rods (a.k.a. Cuisenaire rods). 8. Suggestopaedia - in this method the students need to be in a comfortable, confident, and relaxed state. The teacher and student exhibit a parent-child like relationship. An oral review of the previous lesson is first done, followed by a presentation and discussion of the next lesson, and lastly the student listen to music while the teacher recites the new dialogue to be taught. 9. The Lexical approach - this method uses words and phrases as a building block rather than grammatical structure. 10. Engage, Study, and Activate (ESA) - by far the most effective method used. A method created using all previous methods mentioned as it gives the teacher the freedom to be creative with teaching. Engage, Study, and Activate (ESA) Engage - the beginning of the lesson where we peak the students interest in the by involving them in the lesson. The students are \"engaged\" into the lesson by giving them games, music, interesting pictures, short stories, videos, etc. It is not necessary to teach them, but instead \"warm\" the students for the lesson. Study - the point of this phase is to allow the students to work on the language. Given in the form of study material such a either individual or group activities, worksheets, oral practice, etc. Activate - this phase allows the students to utilize the material learnt in the form of role pay, etc. Usually the ESA method follows a specific flow starting with the Engage stage and ending with a Activate stage. This can be done in any method. Some methods include the Straight arrow method where it starts with Engage, then Study, and last is the Activate stage. Other methods being the Boomerang method (Engage -> Activate[A1] -> Study -> Activate[A2]), and the Patchwork method (Engage -> .......... -> Activate).
