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Teaching English, like teaching any subject, requires lesson plans. Many books and curricula provide advice on teaching English learning materials. However, most ESL teachers like to mix up their classes by providing their own lesson plans and activities. Sometimes, teachers are required to create their own lesson plans when teaching ESL or EFL at international institutions that are scattered throughout the world. Here's a basic template you can follow to help develop your own lesson plans and activities. STANDARD LESSON PLAN Generally speaking, a lesson plan has four specific parts. These can be repeated throughout the lesson, but it's important to follow the outline: Warm-up Present Practice focusing on specifics Practice usage in wider context Warm-up Use a warm up to get the brain thinking in the right direction. The warm up should include the target grammar / function for the lesson. Here are a few ideas: Ask small talk questions about the weekend for a lesson on the simple past Discuss a hypothetical situation for a lesson focusing on conditionals Challenge students to describe others in class when working towards building descriptive vocabulary. Presentation The presentation focus on the learning objectives for the lesson. This is the teacher guided section of the lesson. You might: Explain grammar at the white board Show a short video to introduce a topic of discussion Present new vocabulary making sure to provide lots of context Present written work for a class discussion of structure Controlled practice Controlled practice allows for close observation that the learning objectives are understood. Controlled practice activities include: Gap fill exercises on tense conjugation Complete the sentence exercises to encourage specific written formulas Reading and listening comprehension activities Language function practice on specific activities such as apologizing, negotiating, and thanking Free practice Free practice allows students to \"take control\" of their own language learning. These activities should encourage students to explore language with activities such as: Class debates Creating role-plays and acting them out for others Games focusing on communication skills Essay writing Note: During the free practice section, take note of common mistakes. Use feedback to help everyone, rather than focus on individual students. This lesson plan format is popular for many reasons including: Students have a number of chances to learn a concept through various means Students have plenty of time to practice Teachers can give detailed instruction, or students can deduce structures and learning points through practice The standard lesson plan format provides structure It provides for variation over the course of 60 - 90 minutes This lesson plan format moves from teacher centered to student centered learning VARIATIONS ON THE LESSON PLAN FORMAT THEME In order to keep this standard lesson plan format from becoming boring, it is important to remember that there are a number of variations that can be applied within the various segments of the lesson plan format. WARM-UP Students might arrive late, tired, stressed or otherwise distracted to class. In order to get their attention, it's best to open with a warm-up activity. The warm-up can be as simple as telling a short story or asking students questions. The warm-up can also be a more thought-out activity such as playing a song in the background, or drawing an elaborate picture on the board. While it's fine to start a lesson with a simple \"How are you\
