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1st language vs 2nd language acquisitionIt?s amazing to see how fast and unique children acquire language. Science had not clearly explained its process however the child would eventually master them in significantly rapid phase. This human capacity to acquire and use their native language is intriguingly a challenge to many researchers, but need not to say it?s evidently clear; among parents who children imitates. Enforced with innate intelligence for language, daily interaction with others, memory, practice in the richness of the language environment and analogy a child would take up a language and naturally acquire a highly complex spoken language which is what we call their first language. On the other hand, learning a second language is a process whereby non-native people learn in a constricted environment like classroom, other formal setting or outside the country where the language is not being spoken. Unlike the first language, where the child is exposed to the natural speaking environment without formal set up, the second language is formally establish to the learner by teaching the elements of the language, grammar, phonology, structure and the like to a person. In this regard, the accuracy and rapidity of acquiring the first language is a lot different to that of the second language. Further, human brain language learning capacity differs from a child and an adult. Adult learner would tend to seek patterns in search of meaning, limited memory and poor retention than that of a child. So children learning a second language are more likely to achieve native-like fluency better than adults. However, according to a research by Glisan and Schrum; the critical variable in language study is time spent in task and practice of the language regardless of the age which the language study begun. Therefore the length of exposure to the language allows secondary learners to achieve fluency. But looking at how much input and regularity the first language learners are exposed to, it is variable to know the amount a second language learner must equal to gain language perfection. This gives hope to second language learners of english that they can develop fluency near to native speakers. But what approach are secondary learners to take to develop such language skills? There are various approaches prepared how to academically accomplish such skills. For example the ESA planning is as effective in literary development, fluency, vocabulary and comprehension. All factors that would support language improvement like the use of reinforcements, vocabulary, warmer, drills, activate phase ideas and more would help enhance language skills. How ever we would contemplate to improving learning for secondary language learners it is but important to remember that language is best reinforced under the richness of the language actual environment. For the reason that, it obligates the person to use the language regularly inputting new information at the same time processes them according to its natural manner of use. In my experience, the survival instincts of human brain greatly influence our capacity to assimilate a language and thus, are true to either young or adult learners. But the fluency and accuracy comes in explicit grammar learning.
