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Unit 17 is an examination of the use of conditionals and reported speech. Conditionals are sentences that use the if/when clause to refer to that needs to happen before something else happens or something hypothetical, that is unlikely to happen. This module examined four conditionals. The zero conditional speaks of something that is generally a true fact or habitually true. The first conditional refers to a real situation that is possible or likely to happen in the future. The second condition usually references things that are unlikely to happen in the present or future. The third conditional talk about things that did not happen in the past and and their imaginary consequence. A mixed conditional uses a combination of the second and third conditional. It communicates something that should have happened in the past that would have a present result. Reported speech was also the next topic discussed in this unit. Reported speech is also referred to as \"indirect speech\". Reported speech is stating what someone else has said. Reported speech can be tricky to learn. Student must pay attention to the tense use when reporting tense, as it is sometimes necessary to change the tenses. You also have step back in time and position when reporting speech, which is called backshifting. Conditionals and reported speech can be very confusing for English learners, as with most English grammar. In order to help the teacher when he/she is teaching these complicated structures, there are many teaching ideas to make learning fun and productive.
