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Unit 18 covers Modals, Phrasal Verbs and Passive voice. Modals and Passive voice are pretty straight forward. There is a specific list of Modals that are placed before other verbs to add to the main verb, which can show obligation, possibility, permission, ability and advice. Different than Active Voice, Passive voice is used to shift the focus from the object of an active verb; instead the object becomes the subject of a passive verb. A bit confusing, but if you were to compare two sentences together, one in the Active voice and one in the Passive voice, the meaning of the two sentences are basically the same. The only difference is on where the focus is, either on the object of an active verb in the Active Voice or the subject of a passive verb in a Passive Voice. Phrasal Verbs, however, pose more of a complication in understanding than Modals or Passive voice. Phrasal verbs (also called multi-word verbs) are verbs paired with one or two particles, which is then considered as one item. On top of that, there are three basic types of phrasal verbs, which can all create different meanings depending on the placement of the phrasal verb, the object phrase, the object pronoun, and the particles. Not just for the students is this concept at best difficult to understand, but for myself in particular I feel that Phrasal Verbs is one of the hardest grammar points covered in this course so far. There is little variance in the placement of the phrasal verb in a sentence but when the particles are added in it can change the entire meaning of the sentence, as well as the placement of the phrasal verb itself to become grammatically correct.
