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Engage-Study-Activate (ESA) is the most effective and the most logical method to learn and apply in the classroom. All ESA lessons comprise Engage - the teacher will try to arouse student interest and involvement in the lesson. Activities and materials include games, music, interesting pictures, stories, etc. It should be considered a warmer. In essence, the aim is to warm up the students and get them thinking and speaking English as much as possible. You do not teach students anything as the aim of this stage is simply designed to engage students. Study - the students will focus on the language (or information) and how it is constructed. The activities range from the practice and study of a single sound to an examination and practice of a verb tense. Study stages start with elicitation. After instruction, exercises (often worksheets) are given to the students to check their understanding and to reinforce the material. As a class, review their answers to the exercises and go over any errors. The students may work in groups studying a text for vocabulary or study a transcript to discover style of speech. Study mean the students will be focussed on the construction of the language. Activate - Students are encouraged to use any/all of the language as freely and communicatively as possible. The focus is very much more on frequency than accuracy with no restrictions on language usage. Typical activities include role-plays, communication games, debates, story writing, etc. All 3 ESA elements need to be present in most lessons to provide a balanced range of activities for the students. They elements do not need to be in the same order.
