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Unit 2 starts presenting some learning and behavior theories. The maturation theory says that development happens regardless of the environment, it is a natural process. The environmental theory states that our behavior is influenced by external factors only. Constructivism is a theory that mixes the other two. The next topics cover the differences between the acquisition of a first and a second language, the ways a class is organized depending on the situation and the skills used by students of a language. Young learners are divided into two groups: in the first group, children are 5 to 9 years old, and in the second group they are 9 to 13 years old. The first group has a low attention span, the learning process is mostly unconscious, has low ability to see the abstract and low memorization skills. An acceptable class to this group would be lively, with short activities and would include lots of body movements. The second group learns more consciously, have higher concentration and memorization levels, and the ability to see the abstract is better than the first group. Classes to this group could include longer activities and more memorization tasks.
