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This unit is about conditionals and reported speech. Conditionals are sentences that contain the word \"if\" (and sometimes \"when\") that refer to possibilities. There are five main types of conditionals. The zero conditional refers to expressions that are irrefutable (ex: \"If you freeze water it turns to ice.\"). The first conditional refers to a situation that is possible in the future (ex: \"If he earns enough money he should buy a new car.\"). The second conditional refers a situation that is currently not true and not likely to become true (ex: \"If I had a million dollars, I would buy a private jet.\"). The third conditional refers to a hypothetical past action and the hypothetical past result (ex: \"If she had eaten that food she would have gotten sick.\"). The mixed conditional refers to a hypothetical past action and the hypothetical present result (\"If she had taken the train, she would be here.\"). This unit also covers reported speech, and in addition to the use of pronouns, a difficult feature of reported speech is the use of time expressions which are often changed to fit the reported speech (ex: \"tomorrow\" becomes \"the next day\").
