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Unit 13 gives general guidelines for English pronunciation and phonology. Within, it shows how intonation can carry a message in a sentence and that it is also fundamental in the expression of emotions. It further gives techniques for indicating and teaching intonations which are designed to help students to know how to emphasize different parts of the sentence. The strong part or word that bears the principle emphasis in the sentence is called stress. This topic is treated in detail in the next section of this unit, again giving techniques this time for indicating and teaching stress. Sound joining and linked speech are then briefly touched on. The part on the phonemic alphabet is introduced by a very fitting poem by Bernard Shaw. It emphasises the need for a student of the English language to be familiar with this alphabet in order to be able to accurately pronounce any word in the dictionary. The section on speech articulation shows how speech organs and places of articulation in the mouth cooperate in order to produce the different vowels and consonants. Unit 13 finishes with the suggestion of teaching techniques for the pronunciation of individual sounds. I was both surprised and fascinated to discover what an enormously complex area of study human speech is. I learned about the International Phonemic Alphabet and got to practice it. I realize that in the classroom there should be time given to pronunciation, stress and intonation practice so as to make students aware of the importance of accuracy and clarity of communication. I believe that skilled pronunciation teaching gives life to a class because it reflects feelings and personal reactions to different situations.
