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This unit outlines the theories, methods and techniques of Teaching English as a Foreign Language (TEFL). Some of the methods and techniques used to teach English as Foreign Language include: grammar-translation, audio-lingualism, task-based learning, communicative language teaching, community language learning, the silent way, suggestopaedia, lexical approach and presentation, practice and production. There is no best method to rely on but all depends on the type of the lesson the teacher wants to teach. The culture and the needs of the learners as well as both the personality of the teacher and students should also be taken into consideration. An effective method to expose learners to use the language was put forward by Jeremy Harmer known as Engage, Study, and Activate (ESA). The unit provides me with teaching methods and techniques necessary for me as a teacher. I have to be flexible since there is no best teaching method. I will therefore design my teaching methods depending on the culture and the needs of my learners. The most important thing for me is to draw my lesson plans to involve the three stages of ESA, that is Engage, Study, and Activate.
