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There are many ways to communicate future actions in the English language. The present simple and present continuous are two forms already well understood that can indicate intentions set for the future. These two methods are used for scheduling definite arrangements, sometimes with or without a time frame, but the plans are intended to happen. A good exercise for students would be to create an idyllic schedule for their future career, or writing a diary entry about what they will do tomorrow. The 'going to' form is made with the use of an infinitive verb and communicates intentions, predictions and plans by the speaker. Teaching ideas include making a trip itinerary, holiday or birthday plans, or examining song lyrics. Future simple form involves the subject, plus 'will', plus a verb. The use of this form is for promises, threats, future facts and certainties, and spontaneous decisions made while the speaker is talking. A fun activity to practice this would be for the students to comment on their goals for the following year. Future continuous involves the present participle to communicate an action that will be in progress at a time in the future. Students could practice this form by asking one another about their weekend plans and arranging dates. Future perfect uses the past participle to indicate something that will have been completed by a certain point in the future. It is to say one is looking back on the past from a future standpoint, and this is often singled by the use of an adverbial expression which expresses when the event will be finished. The future perfect continuous follows the formula subject plus 'will have been' plus verb plus present participle (-ing). This is used to say how long something will have continued by a certain time and is again often used with an adverbial expression.
