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This section focuses on the present tense. The entire section is focused on explaining the 4 tenses of the present tense: simple, continuous, perfect and perfect continuous. There are various situations which each can be used. These are something which must be memorized and understood. In my opinion the easiest approach to these tenses is first identifying them. Present simple is formed by a subject+aux verb (do) and the BASE word (i.e. i [do] play). The verb is omitted in the past tense unless it is written in the negative or question form. The next tense is the present-continuous form. This form requires that the subject+verb (be) and verb+ing be formatted in that order. (i.e. I am ridING the bike). In this form, the action that was starting in the past continues to the present at time of its mentioning. There are various other usages but this is the most apparent.The following tense is the present perfect. THis is most similar to the present simple, making it one of the trickier forms to comprehend. FIrst I would point out that it is composed in the same way as the present simple tense; however, instead of the base form, it is instead in the past participle. Also, instead of the \"do\" verb, it is replaced by the \"have\" verb (i.e. I have playED). I would also point out that the past participle form, although is often simply formed by adding the -ed, there are various irregular verbs which look completely different from its base form once written in its past participle form (i.e. run vs ran). Lastly, there is the present perfect continuous. Similar to the present continuous, it is the only other present tense which revolves around using \"ing\". However, instead of using the verb\"be\" it uses \"have been\". In other words, the sentence is composed of a subject + auxiliary verb Have+ been+ verbING.
