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Unit 13 discusses the teaching of pronunciation and phonology [the study, science, analysis and classification of the physical properties of sounds]. Intonation is the variation in volume and pitch throughout a sentence. Stress is used to put an emphasis on individual words. There are many difficult and complicated rules but the two most simple rules about word stress are; one world has only one stress, and only syllables can be stressed, not individual vowels or consonants. In English, there are four major ways in which sounds join together; linking, sound dropping, sound changing and extra lettering. The phonemic alphabet involves using symbols to indicate the proper sounds to be made when saying a particular word. Articulation uses many different organs or areas; velar, palatal, palatal-alveolar, alveolar, dental, labio-dental, bilabial, and glottal. To teach the pronunciation of individual sounds a TEFL teacher could use activities such as peer diction, using their own mouth as a model, visuals such as diagrams of the mouth, phonemes and tongue twisters.
