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This unit reviewed the constructions and usages of the present tenses: present simple, present continuous, present perfect, and present perfect continuous. It reviewed common student mistakes/misunderstandings when using the variations on the present tense and suggested some activities to help students practice differentiating between the tenses. I think one of the most confusing aspects to teach will be remembering which auxiliary verb is associated with which tense. Simple = do/ do not. Present perfect = have/have not. Present continuous = am/are/is. Present perfect continuous = have/have not (been). It will also be a challenge to present/explain the many subtle differences between the usages in each tense, especially the present perfect and the present perfect continuous. Both relate the past to the present. For example: 1) \"It has been raining a lot today\" and 2) \"It has rained a lot today\" are so close in meaning, with the only distinction being that sentence 2 implies that the rain has stopped at the time of speaking. I think the greatest challenge in teaching these grammatical rules will be taking them one at a time and not overwhelming students with too much information at once.
