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Unit 18 covers modal auxiliary verbs, phrasal verbs, relative clauses, and the passive voice. Modals are used before verbs to add meaning to the main verb. The verb does not change from its base form. The modals are: can, could, will, would, may, might, should, shall, have to, must, need to, needn't to, have got to, and ought to. Modals can be use to express possibility or probability, permission or prohibitions, obligation, ability, and advice. They can also be utilized to express different degrees of formality. Phrasal verbs consist of a verb with one or two particles. There are three types of phrasal verbs: intransitive, transitive separable, and transitive inseparable. There are three types of clauses: the independent clause, the dependent clause, and the relative clause. An independent clause is a complete sentence with a main subject and verb of a sentence. A dependent clause isn't a complete sentence, and it must be connected to an independent clause. A relative clause is a dependent clause that modifies a noun. It describes or identifies a noun. The passive voice refers to when the object of an active verb becomes the subject of the passive verb. Only transitive verbs are used in the passive.