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In this unit I learned about child development and learning methods from infancy to maturity. There are many methods, but all of them are divided into four big groups: constructivist, maturationists, environmentalists, other. These methods eventually lead to theories, that help the teacher to teach a foreign language in the classroom effectively. 1. Maturation theory states that a child growth is influenced by both their environment and genes no matter what. 2. Environmental theory suggests that behavior and learning are reactions to the environment only. 3. Constructivism theory is a mix between maturation and environmental theory. It shows that knowledge is constructed based on personal experiences and hypotheses of the environment. Names that are related to this theory are Montessori, Vygotsky, etc. 4. There are Other learning theories but they have something in common with previous three theories. All of these theories try to provide an explanation to language learning and present different answers, but we have to choose our own approach. There are two groups of learners: 1. Group 1- Kids from 5 to 9 years old. We use mainly Engage and Practice method 2. Group 2-Kids from 9 to 13 years old. We use ESA ( Engage, Study, Activate) method Here we also learn about Learning Environment. Students can learn in a wide variety of settings, such as outside-of-school locations and outdoor environments and there are many alternatives to the classroom arrangement, for example: circular, semi-circular, group tables arrangement. The teacher can choose and organize the class in a way to better facilitate the learning process. Finally, when we learn a language, we learn it through four basic skills that we need for complete communication: listening, speaking, reading and writing. All of them are equally important. Depending on the level of the student, the skills they are expected to develop are different. We have to take into consideration the Two Groups of Learners and the CiLT / ALTE framework for these groups.
