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This unit introduced the concepts regarding the actual plan or flow of a lesson and the different types of teaching, such as audio-linguistic and grammar-translation. There were shown to be a number of different teaching techniques, and it was shown that sometimes a combination is an effective manner in which to approach teaching. However the method of teaching emphasised in this unit was the Engage, Study, Activate approach. There were a number of different ways the ESA method could be implemented, such as the straight arrow approach, boomerang or patchwork, which essentially dealt with a different usage of the study and activate stages, however all must start with the engage stage and end with the activate stage. Different exercises for each stage were then studied, in order to give a variety to lessons and make them interesting for both learners and for teachers. Examples of games/exercises for the engage stage, in which students are encouraged to speak English as much as possible are Introductory prompts, Scattegories, slow dictionary and alphabet relay. In the study stage, students learn a new concept and it is here that the teacher provides prompts and corrections to the students in a manner that helps them along, but does not embarrass and also gives the learner a chance to work out the correct answer themselves. Examples of exercises for this stage are worksheets, and spelling activities such as hang man, tongue twisters. Lastly in the activate stage this is where learners are encouraged to use and integrate their new learnings to their existing knowledge, this is most often done through the production of materials, such as making brochures, or entering into discussions, or role plays, among others. Lastly the unit discussed the appropriate way to correct students, and it was shown that one must give a chance for the student to work out the answer, then another student should be given an answer and lastly the teacher should help. It was also discussed that a code for marking should be created to help the students work out where they went wrong and how to correct this.
