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This unit reveals the important distinction between the four present tenses, their uses, common mistakes made and how to correct them. I learned that the present simple tense is used mainly to convey routine actions, facts, commentaries, instructions and stories written in the present. Common mistakes include concord errors (not matching the subject to its appropriate form of the verb) and using auxiliary verbs and participles when not required to do so. Present continuous is used to depict an action that is either in progress or has been in progress for some time. When making mistakes, students typically use the participle without the auxiliary verb, or they confuse the relationship between the subject and its appropriate form of verb (concord error). I would present them with opportunities to practice telling stories or set up situations that have changed, in order for them to identify the different continuous actions taking place. Present perfect relates that which has already happened to the present and always connects 'has' or 'have' to a past participle. Typical mistakes occur when students confuse present simple tense with past perfect and fail to recognize when a period of time has occurred, as opposed to a state of being e.g He is a coach for three months. (He has been a coach for three months.) Students need to practice asking questions that start with \"Have you...?\" and can be answered in the positive or negative. 'I have...\" or \"I have not.\" Present perfect is used to communicate the number of things that have been done, whereas present perfect continuous emphasizes an ongoing activity or uninterrupted activity which has a present result. I would use activities that include asking, \"Have you been....\" A typical mistake made by students is to use verbs that don't take the continuous form, e.g. \"He's been liking her for many years.\" I appreciate how incredibly difficult the concept of the many tenses used in the English language can be to a student learning English as a second language, and would concentrate on doing as many verbal activities as possible to reiterate the differences.
