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? There are 4 things that students need to do with new language: o Be exposed to it o Understand its meaning o Understand how it?s constructed o Be able to practice and produce it ? Use straight arrow approach with new vocabulary ? Use boomerang or patchwork ESA for functions-based lessons Teaching vocabulary What do students need to know? 1. Meaning 2. Use 3. Word grammar 4. Interaction: how it interacts and affects other words 5. Spelling 6. Pronunciation Techniques ? Engage o Realia o Mime and action o Pictures o Contrast o Discussion o Discovery ? Study o Gap-fill exercises o Word searches o Crosswords o Matching exercises o Example sentences o Pronunciation exercises such as drilling o Study from texts and dialogues ? Activate o Open class, small group or pair discussion o Role-play o Simulation o Story building o Material production task (poster, advertisement) o Debate Introducing grammatical structure Students need to know what the language means, how it is used, what the grammatical form is and how it is said/written. ? Meaning: what the language means ? Use: how/when it is used ? Forms and patterns: formation and patterns of the language ? Spoken and written form: any difference in forms (I am going to- becomes- I?m going to in spoken form) Techniques: ? Engage o Discussion o Scenario building o Prompting o Q&A o Using pictures, drawings, real objects, mime, etc. ? Study o Intonation and pronunciation patterns o Looking at the language in context through texts and dialogues o Drilling o Gap fills o Information gaps o Sentence word order activities (unscramble jumbled sentences) o Sentence building ? Activate o Communication games o Role-play o Story building o Discussion/debate Teaching language function Language functions include areas such as inviting, refusing, agreeing and disagreeing, suggesting, etc. It also includes the appropriacy of the language in terms of the kind of language they use- formal, informal, tentative, technical, etc. These lessons will stress the need for activation of language and is perhaps most effectively used with boomerang and patchwork ESA lessons.
