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This unit focused on part of speech in its introduction to grammar. It first states that the simplest form of structure is the basic sentence. This unit also states that a sentence must insist of at least a subject and a verb, but it can also have other parts of speech in the sentence as well. This unit also specifies eight parts of speech: nouns, adjectives, articles, verbs, adverbs, gerunds, pronouns, prepositions and conjunctions. Nouns are words that include names, places, things, people, qualities and states. There are five main types of nouns: common, proper, compound, abstract and collective. There are also countable and uncountable nouns. Adjectives are words that describe nouns such as things and people. Adjectives can be in a list, and the list of adjectives usually follows in an order, such as a list of adjectives following a certain order such as size, then age, then color and then materials. Adjectives can be comparative comparisons (such as the words better, taller, younger) or superlative comparisons (such as best, tallest, youngest). This unit also describes articles, including indefinite articles (a, am) and a definite article (the). Verbs are words which are \"doing\" words, including action verbs (play, eat, run) as well as state verbs (smell, feel, seem). Verbs also can be transitive (which is a word which is followed directly by an object), or intransitive (a word such as go, arrive,come that stands alone). Verb forms include base form, past simple, past participle or present participle (such as come, came, come, coming). Adverbs are also described in this unit, and adverbs are said to give meaning or information to a verb, an adjective or another adverb. Gerunds are formed by adding the letters ing to a verb. This makes a new word (play turns into playing) which is a noun. Pronouns are words that replace more direct or specific nouns. Types of pronouns include: personal, possessive, reflective and relative. Prepositions and conjunctions are the last two parts of speech present in this unit Prepositions indicate a certain relationship between a noun (or pronoun) and another word in the sentence. Main types of prepositions indicate time/date, movement and place or positioning. Conjunctions are words that connect other words or word phrases together. Conjunctions can connect word clauses.
