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Listening and reading are receptive skills while seeking and writing are productive skills. People generally speak because they have a need or desire. Accuracy (study phase) deals with the correct usage of grammar and vocabulary while fluency (activate phase) deals with the ability to speak without stopping to think. There are controlled (high level of structure), guided (medium level of structure), and creative activities (low level of structure). Before the lesson explain what you want the class to do and why. Find out what they already know, pre-teach if necessary, and prepare the materials and instructions. Writing can be situational (ex. postcard, formal letter, e-mail) or creative (story, poem, dialogue). Reading and listening can be done for a purpose or entertainment. Potential problems for reading include: reading word for word, sentence length, and structure. Potential problems for listening include: the flow of information, speed of speech, and accent. Some solutions to these problems are pre-teaching, careful selection of texts, choice of topics, and creating interest before you being the lesson. Games are fun activities with rules that can be competitive and/or require cooperation, and have a teaching point.
