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Unit 6 presents the past tenses used in the English language. For students, past tenses can be confused with present tenses, therefore, it is very important that teachers are knowledgeable of the focuses and usages of each tense. The past simple tense expresses completed actions. It is formed by adding -ed or -d to the verb. The past continuous tense describes actions that were in progress at a particular time in the past and is still going on at the time of speaking. It is formed by using the past tense of the verb 'to be' and the base form of the main verb plus -ing. It references some point in time. The past perfect tense describes a past action that was completely finished before another action in the past started. It is formed with the past tense form of \"to have' plus the past participle of the verb. The past perfect continuous indicates a continuous action that was completed at some point in time. It is formed with \"had been\" plus the present participle of the verb, with an -ing ending. A good tip for teachers when teaching past tenses is to have the students focus on the structure instead of the usage. It is also effective for teachers to use simple language and activities to help students grasp the differences between focuses and usages of both of past and present tenses.
