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Unit 7 - Unit Overview Unit 7 is titled: Vocabulary, Grammar and Functions. It covers and distinguishes possible and recommended techniques for selecting and teaching these language areas. The unit emphasizes points worthy of consideration based on students key needs in the aspects it covers. It also presents sample lesson structures for the teaching of new vocabulary, grammar and functions. Introducing new grammatical structure: When teaching a new grammatical structure, its important to be aware of what students are supoosed to know. They will need to know what the language means,how and when it is used, what the grammatical forms is/are and how they are written and said. Example ideas for an ESA lesson for teaching this area could involve: Engage - using pictures, real objects, mime, etc; prompting; scenario building etc. Study - gap fills; intonation and pronunciation patterns; unscramble jumbled sentences; studying the language in context via texts and dialogues Activate - Story building; communication games; discussion/debates etc A typical ESA grammar lesson would apply the boomerang structure, if the class comprises mid level students. Teaching vocabulary: Guiding point to consider when selecting what to teach include: Appropriacy to the students; appropriacy to the task; frequency and coverage around students? everyday experiences; teachability. What students need to know ? meaning; use; word grammar; collocation and interaction; spelling and pronunciation. Idea for an ESA vocabulary lesson can be seen below: Engage ? realia; pictures promts; mime and actions etc Study ? gap fills; matching exercises; word search activities; example sentences etc Activate ? Role-play; material production (posters, adverts, picture sketches etc); debates/discussions etc. Typical ESA vocabulary lessons with low level learners will often apply the straight arrow ESA structure. Teaching language functions: Language functions include areas such as requesting, permission, inviting, agreeing, disagreeing, etc. It will also emphasis appropriacy with regard to situation in which they are used, that is formal, informal, or technical. Because most language function lessons stress on the need for activation language, the boomerang ESA structured lesson is often considered to be the most effective for teaching this area of English language. Role-plays are particularly useful here in the activate stage.
