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Basic Skills in Language are: Receptive Skills - Reading & Listening Productive Skills - Speaking & Writing Purpose - achieve some particular aim or goal Entertainment - for pleasure or enjoyment can be both Predictive skills - predicting content from a headline or introductions Specific Info/Scanning - listen or read for specific information General Idea/ Skimming - read or listen for gist of text/dialogue. try to get a general understanding of content. Detailed Information - read in order to understand everything in detail. read/listen in a concentrated manner to gain full benefit Deduction from Context - need to be able to understand or deduce the meaning of individual words or phrases from the context in which we hear/read them. Pre-teaching Vocabulary - help students by teaching them difficult/unknown language and structures prior to commencing a reading or listening activity. Learning to understand texts without knowing every word is a skill that we should also encourage in our students. Balance between pre-teaching structures and letting students access unknown language. Only pre-teach the words that are essential to understanding Careful selection of Text: Authentic texts are not designed for language students whereas non-authentic text are. Must be carefully selected so as to focus on what the students know, rather than how much they don't know. Topics: topics of the text or dialogue can also help to motivate the students. Knowing our students & what really interests them is VITAL. Do not assume that because a topic interests you that i will be of equal interest to your students. Get to know them & their interest Create Interest: teachers can get the students motivated & engaged in the tasks. Greater possibility that they will read & listen with real enthusiasm. Get students engaged by discussing the topic showing pictures, predicting what the text will be about. Tasks: provide comprehension tasks that promote understanding. Good task shouldn't be too easy or too difficult. Challenge that is realistically achievable. Common activity is jigsaw reading or jumbled text. The basic keys to successful receptive skill lessons are: Choose material that interests/motivates the students Build interest before reading/listening Pre-Teach complex vocabulary or structures if necessary, but don't overdo it Vary the type of material Use the material to practise different skills Use realistic comprehension task that aid understanding Incorporate activate phases that naturally lead on from the text.
