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Unit 4 gives us a brief understanding of the Tense system. ?Tense? means time .Past ,Present and Future and these times has four aspects: Simple, Continuous, Perfect and Perfect Continuous. Here are some of the examples which will give you a clear understanding of different types of sentences. a) I have never met anybody famous. Present perfect tense Reason: What the person is saying at the moment/present has never happened to him/she before. However, he/she is expressing a thought at the present which makes it a present perfect. b) Bob is having a shower at the moment. Present continuous tense Reason: This is because Bob is current at the bathing room having his shower but has not finished the event. Present continuous tense happens when an events on going but yet to finish. c) I go fishing at least twice a week. Present simple tense. Reason:I observed that the above sentence to be a habit or routine of a particular person. Hence, it must be a present simple tense. d) I have been working here for 10 years. Present perfect continuous Reason: The tense relates past events to the present activity. It?s likely that the activity will continue in the future or currently in progress for a specific number of period or both. a)Present simple To form a present simple tense, we used the verbs base form. However, in third person singular the verb takes s/es. Auxiliary verbs such as have, be could also be used as main verb. Positive: Subject + base form (+s/es) Negative: Subject + aux. verb + base form Question:Aux. verb + subject + base form b) Present continuous The tense is made with the present simple tense of the auxiliary verb to be and the present participle (verb plus ing working) of the main verb. Positive:subject + aux. verb + verb + ing Negative: subject + aux. verb + verb + ing Question: aux. verb + subject + verb + ing c) Present perfect In order to form present perfect tense, we use have or has with the past participle of the verb. Most past participles end in ed such as studied, worked. However, irregular verbs have special past participle that must be noted such as seen, spoken etc. Positive: subject + aux. verb + past participle Negative: subject + aux. verb + past participle Question: aux. verb + subject + past participle d) Present perfect continuous This is made by using the present term of the auxiliary verb have plus past participle of the verb to be plus the ing form of the verb. Positive: subject + aux. verb + verb + ing Negative: subject + aux. verb + verb + ing Question: aux. verb + subject + verb + ing
