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Unit 7 is all about vocabulary. This means the teaching / learning of new words. Vocabulary items either easy or difficult depend on the following; - Similarity to students own language. - Similarity to English words already known. - Spelling and pronunciation 1-Sellecting vocabulary: -Appropriacy to the students -Appropriacy to the task -Teachability: example; beginners students need very clear and visual language. What do students need to know about a vocabulary item? - Meaning: What it means. - Use: how /when it is appropriate to use. - Word grammar: where it belongs. - Pronunciation: how it is spoken. - Spelling: how it is written. 2- Techniques for vocabulary teaching include; a- Engage : -mime and action -pictures -discussion -discovery b- Study: -Gap fill exercises -word searches -matching exercises -study from text and dialogues c- Activate: -Role-play -Story building -Debate -Open class, small group or pair discussion 3- Typical ESA vocabulary lesson include the following; a-Engage:- -open class activity where students share information about where they live , type of houses rooms etc. b- Study: -the teacher shows a small text, or plays dialogues of someone describing their house. c- Activate: The teachers tell small groups of students to design their perfect house. Introducing grammatical structures -This depends on the level of class and course syllabus we are using. 4-Techniques for presenting and practicing language structures. Engage - Discussion - Question and answer - Using pictures, drawings, real objects, mime etc STUDY -Intonation and pronunciation patterns; -Gap fill -sentence building -looking at the language in context through texts and dialogues. d- Activate -communication games -Role-play -Discussion /Debate Furthermore, we have a typical ESA grammar which include; ENGAGE;-students here discuss favourite books /films, what they like about them. ACTIVATE:- Here students pair and write brief synopsis of a book or film they have seen. STUDENTS:-from the synopsis, analyze the usage of the past simple tense. ACTIVATE:- In groups students write a short story from picture prompts. STUDY:- This group passes story to another group who check for correct usage past tense. ACTIVATE:- Here we have a chain story communication game. One student starts the story and the other continues. In this unit I have personally learnt about vocabulary and how it can be carefully selected and taught in the teaching and learning of English language to beginners and to those who have an idea of some words in English.
