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There are many ways to learn language. The first one is receptive way, reading and listening. The other one is productive way, writing and speaking. It can?t be said which one is more important. It means all are important. Then why do we read and listen? There are various purposes. To get information, just for entertainment and so on. So when we listen to get some information, we should focus what I would get and we have to have pre-existent knowledge as well. We can follow this step to grasp reading and listening. 1. Predictive skills- before we read, we can predict the content of writings from the upper forward part not reading all. 2. Specific information (scanning) ? it means if we have something we want to know, then we don?t have to read or concentrate all day long, just we can find the appropriate time to concentrate when a particular specific information comes up. 3. General idea (skimming) ? it means we don?t have to focus on every single word but we should try to find the general idea. 4. Detailed information ? sometimes we should get detailed information such as going to somewhere, or the way to use some item. Then we should read or listen carefully to gain full benefit. 5. Deduction from context ? sometimes the context doesn?t mean the way the texts are. Something is hided in the context. So we should be able to grasp and find the meaning of every words and sentences from the text. Because there is another meaning beyond the literal meaning. And then when we read or listen, sometimes we face some problems such as word length and many unfamiliar words. To get rid of that, we can show these ways as well. 1. Pre-teaching vocabulary ? before letting students read or listen something, teachers need to teach them vocabulary first. But we don?t need to teach all words. Because they can predict and assume as well. It is another way to make them improved. 2. Careful selection of texts ? authentic and non-authentic texts. Authentic means real. But the non-authentic texts are preferred by students to learn language. Because authentic text has to have student?s interests and pre knowledge. 3. Topics ? topics should motivate students and they should include something that students feel interested. Finally, there are lots of various effect approaching ways to teach. The essential keys to succeed to learn well are: - find material which can attract students - make them feel interest prior to reading or listening - If it is difficult text, let them learn vocabularies of reading or listening - Use various text or materials - Teach them different ways to practice - Use practical comprehension tasks to make them understood
