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Unit 9 presents lesson planning. Some theorists suggest that lesson planning is not a good idea because it causes lessons to become too rigid and too teacher centered. ITTT, on the other hand, suggests that lesson plans are a good idea for inexperienced teachers, since plans will give lessons workable objectives and structure. Lesson plans have the following functions: They help teachers to create lesson objectives, plan how the objectives are to be achieved, create steps to achieve the objectives. Lesson Plans, however, should be alterable and allow teacher flexibility and responsiveness to student needs. Lesson plans should help teachers remember what material has been covered and what activities have been done. When writing lesson plans it is important to use the following guidelines : * Keep it simple. You may need to refer to it during a lesson. * Do not try to script the lesson. * Structure it and maintain the same structure. * Write the anticipated time for each activity in the margin. * Check for balance of skills. Try to make sure activities fit together to give the lesson a smooth flow. * Keep it flexible and open to adaptation. The following table list some of the items that can be included in writing lesson plans. * Learner Objectives : what you want the students to be able to do * Personal Aims : what you want to be able to do as a teacher * Language Point : theme of lesson, how it fits in with other lessons * Teaching Aids : materials needed for lesson * Anticipated Problems : try to anticipate any difficulties in understanding and teaching the material * Procedure : steps used to achieve learner objectives * Phase : engage, study or activate * Timing : how long each step or activity will take * Interaction : teacher student (t-s), student student (s-s) or individual (i) * Class Level : language ability level of the class. * Number of Students * Date/time * Teacher's and Observer's names Many lesson plans also include forms for evaluating the lesson. This allows teachers to continue to enhance their and their plan's strengths and address any weaknesses. There are four major characteristics of good lesson plans. Flexibility : Plans have to be able to be easily modified to allow for flexibility. This allows changes to a single plan and its affect on the lesson sequence to be entered efficiently. Objectives : Plans should have student objectives that are measurable. (i.e. student will be able to conjugate regular verbs in the present tense) . Revision : Plans should include review time, which is usually done the day (or right) before a quiz or an exam. Variety : plans should have a good variety and balance that makes sure all skills are included and has a variety of activities.
