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Here our principal focus is on productive skills: speaking and writing. While speaking and writing are substantially different in many ways , they both are used for the same purpose- to communicate. What is the difference between accuracy and fluency activities? Accuracy activities are concerntrated on producing correct language while fluency activities are concerntrated on allowing the students to experiment and be creative with the language. Speaking activities in the classroom. Guided activities, accuracy based but a little more creative and productive. Examples include model dialogues and guided role-play. Creative communication, fluency based activities, the scenario is usually created by the teacher but the content of the language is not. Examples are free role-play, discussions, debates and simulations. Encouraging students to speak. Some reasons that could help are as follows; Lack of confidence. Fear of making mistakes. Peer intimidation. Lack of interest in the topic. Techniques to encourage interaction. Pair-work. Group-work. Careful planning. Change the classroom dynamics. Writing skills. Written text has quite a number of differences which separate it from speaking. Handwriting; For a good number of students, particularly those whose native language uses a different alphabetical system from the English language. Handwriting may influence the reader in a negative way and so the teacher should encourage students to improve it. Spelling; Incorrect spelling can not only create misunderstanding but can often be perceived by the reader, to reflect a lack of education. Spelling in English is made very difficult by the fact that many words that are pronounced the same are written differently( waist/waste) Layout and punctuation; In reality( despite the many rules) punctuation is frequently a matter of personal style but totally incorrect usage can lead to rather awkward and difficult looking pieces of writing. To help students learn the different layouts of writing, they need to be exposed to and be given the chance to practise with many different styles. Games in the classroom; A game is an activity with rules, goal and an element of fun. Many conventional and unconventional games can be adapted to language teaching. There are two kinds of games: competitive games in which players or teams race to be the first to reach the goal and co-operative games in which players or teams work together towards a common goal. Some examples of classroom games includes; Twenty questions, hangman, twister, clue/cluedo and crosswords. What I have personally learnt from this unit is speaking and wrting skills, also techniques and activities that can help both the teacher and student in the English language classroom.
