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There are many methodologies to learning a language, including: Grammar Translation, Audio Lingualism, Presentation Practice Production, Task Based Learning, Communicative Language Teaching, Community Language Learning, The Silent Way, Suggestopaedia, The Next Level Approach. There is no best approach but the following factors should be considered when choosing a methodology, students need as much exposure to language as possible. Student need a certain amount of input from the teacher, communicative tasks off real learning possibilities but are not enough by themself, anxiety should be kept low, and student should be encouraged to study on their own. ESA Engage Study Activate is a method that motivates students, exposes them to new materials, and allows them to a chance to use language. Elicitation is a technique used throughout an ESA lesson in an effort to engage the student. Techniques for Elicitation include, Real objects, Flash Cards, drawings and pictures, ask for the question, gap fill, lists, follow on questions, concept descriptions, mimes, and definitions. Using a variety of these techniques is important. Engage is the sequence of an ESA lesson that the teacher will try to arouse interest. Study is the sequence of an ESA lesson that allows the student to study the language. Study segments should start with elicitation. Activate is the sequence of an ESA lesson where the student is encouraged to use all the language he or she knows. types of ESA lessons: Straight Arrow: The student uses ESA segments in order. Boomerang: The lesson has an ESASA pattern. Patchwork: the lesso has an EAASAESA pattern. Ideas for Engage phase of ESA: Introduction prompts, partner information share, Fizz-buzz, Alphabet Relay, Sevens, I spy, memory games, word linking, alphabet instructions, I'm going on holiday and..., slow pictionary, word linking, information search, An adaptation of Scattagories, My marvellous machine, The box game, sentence prompts, adjectival introductions, and consequences. Ideas for the Study Phase: Elicitation, pronounciation, spelling, meaning, word order, analysis. examples include Tongue Twisters, hangman, word searches, and gap fill Ideas for the study Phase: Role-play, surveys, Producing materials, debate, and Story building Feedback is important, one should give constructive feedback to help students improve, but it is important to keep it positive. Correction should be done carefully and is done to remedy either mistakes or errors, sometimes the student self corrects, and other times the student is unaware of the error and is indicative of an ingrained problem. Teacher student correction is a last resort. Begin corrections by asking the student to repeat. codes can be used to correct writing
