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I like the idea of the 5th unit that the teacher must be able to inspire confidence in the students in order to be successful. The teacher must be flexible and change his/her role according to the activity without being dominant. This unit covers classroom management which is the skill of organizing and managing the class as well as maintaining discipline. There are special ways in which a teacher can use his/her physical presence and the voice in the classroom. An effective teacher should change his/her voice according to the circumstances so that the lesson could be livened up or quietened down by an alteration in the teacher's volume. I agree that the greater the variation of the voice, the greater the effectiveness. It is also mentioned that good eye contact in the classroom is essential to establishing good rapport with the students. It shows students that they are involved in the lesson. Teacher's physical presence and position are also important. When the teacher wants the attention of the whole class, standing is the best option. The teacher can move from group to group without intruding or should relax control completely and be available if needed, for example at the activation stage. There are different seating arrangements for a class, like orderly rows, circles and horseshoes, separate tables. They all have their pros and cons. There can also be different student groupings that a teacher can use, like, for example - whole-class grouping which creates a sense of belonging among the group and is suitable for activities where the teacher needs to be in control; - students working on their own which helps the students become more self-reliant; - pair work which dramatically increases opportunity for student talking time and - groupwork. The teacher should make sure all students are equally involved in the lesson. This can be achieved by making sure that the teacher knows all the students names, by spending longer with students who do not understand the task, by going around the room asking students in random order to keep the class on its toes, by not allowing individual students to take all your attention and by including all students equally in an activity, etc. This unit draws attention to the fact that teacher talking time is also important, but is mainly restricted to presenting, checking, modeling a clarifying, providing language input, giving instructions, setting up activities, and establishing rapport. I totally agree that the teacher should reduce unnecessary teacher talking time by using carefully the language for explanations and instructions and keeping it simple. I think that this unit is very useful because it has some practical tips on how to establish rapport and class spirit, by, for example, having an ice-breaking activity at the beginning of a course, getting students to help each other, being positive in everything you do and by never forgetting to smile.
