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This unit is all about the present tense. This tense consist of four aspects that is ; simple present tense, present continuous tense, present perfect tense and present continuous tense. To begin with, the simple present tense it is been classified under the different forms. They are as follows; - Affirmative form: examples ? I work, you work, we work etc. - Negative form: examples ? I don?t work, you don?t work, we don?t work etc - Question form: examples ? Do I work?, Do you work?, Do we work? The simple present tense can be used in different situations; 1- Habitual or routine actions 2- Permanent situations and facts 3- Commentaries 4- Directions and instructions 5- Newspaper headlines 6- Present stories 7- Historical sequence We also have the present continuous tense also known as the present progressive tense. It is made with the present tense of the auxiliary verb to be and the present participle ( verb plus ing ? working). It takes the form of; - Affirmative ? lam learning, you are learning, - Negative ? I am not learning, you are not learning - Question ? Am I learning?, Are you learning? The Present Continuous tense can be used in the following situations; 1 To talk about an action that is in progress at the of speaking. 2 To talk about a temporary action that is not necessarily in progress at the time of speaking 3 To emphasize very frequent actions. 4 Background event in a present story 5 To refer to a regular action around a point in time. The next tense is the present perfect tense. The present perfect tense relates the past to the present. It takes the form of; - Affirmative - I have written, you have written etc - Negative ? I haven?t written, you haven?t written etc - Question ? have I written?, Have you written? Etc This tense can be used in the following situations; 1. When we talk about finished actions that happened at an indefinite time. It refers to general experience without specific details. 2. When we thinking about completed past actions carried out in an unfinished time period at the time of speaking. 3. When we talk about something which began in the past and is still true now at the time of speaking. 4. When we describe past actions with present results. The Present perfect continues tense relates past activities to the present. It implies that either the activity is likely to continue in the future or that the activity was in progress for some length of time, or both. It takes the following; - Affirmative ? I have been dancing, You have been dancing etc - Negative ? I haven?t been dancing, You haven?t been dancing etc - Question ? Have i been dancing?, Have you been dancing? Etc The Present Perfect Continuous tense can be used in the following situations 1. To communicate an incomplete and ongoing activity, when we want to say how long it has continued. 2. To describe a recently finished, uninterrupted activity which has a present result. To conclude, I have personally learn the different Present tenses used in English and the different situations that they can be used.
