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In this unit on phonology, we started with intonation and how the rise/fall pattern is most commonly used and implies no intention to continue, while the fall/rise pattern expects a response. The next topic, stress, showed how altering the stress on a certain word in the same sentence can completely change the way the sentence is interpreted. Next was the phonemic alphabet and how the place of articulation describes where a phoneme is produced. For instance, velar sounds are produced when the tongue strikes the velum, dental sounds involve the teeth, etc. Equally important as the place of articulation is the manner of it, with examples like plosives being blocked and released air, fricatives being air forced through an obstruction, etc.