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Unit 16 covers conditionals and reported speech. Conditionals are sentences containing 'if' which refer to past, present and future possibilities. There are five main conditionals; zero, first, second, third, and mixed. Zero conditional is formed as 'if/when + present tense, present tense.' First conditional is formed as 'if + present simple, will.' Second conditional is formed as 'if + past simple, would/could/might + base form.' Third conditional is formed as 'if + past perfect, would/could/might + have + past participle.' Zero conditional is formed as 'if + past perfect, would + base form.' Reported speech is a repeated version of direct speech that is changed to express that he was told what he is reporting. When changing speech from direct speech to reported speech, the tenses change as follows; present simple to past simple, present continuous to past continuous, present perfect to past perfect, present perfect continuous to past perfect continuous, past simple to past perfect, past continuous to past perfect continuous, will to would, and past perfect and past perfect continuous both remain the same.
